What are Random Numbers?
Random numbers are values generated by a process where each possible outcome has an equal probability of occurring. In computing, they are often generated using pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) which produce sequences of numbers that approximate the properties of random numbers.
Types of Random Numbers
- Integers: Whole numbers without decimal points (e.g., 1, 42, -7)
- Decimals: Numbers that include decimal points (e.g., 3.14, 2.718, 0.5)
- Unique Numbers: Sets where each number appears only once
- Sequential Numbers: Random numbers arranged in ascending or descending order
Common Uses for Random Numbers
- Simulations: Modeling real-world scenarios with randomness
- Statistical Sampling: Selecting unbiased samples from larger populations
- Game Development: Creating unpredictable events and behaviors
- Cryptography: Generating secure keys and tokens
- Research: Conducting controlled experiments with random assignments
- Contests and Lotteries: Selecting winners fairly
Random Number Quality
For most casual applications, pseudo-random number generators like those used in this tool are adequate. For critical applications like cryptography, specialized hardware random number generators or cryptographically secure PRNGs should be used to ensure true randomness.